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1.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 40(1): 68-79, abr. 2021. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388081

ABSTRACT

Resumen: La endocarditis infecciosa, la infección cardiovascular en general, es una enfermedad médico-quirúrgica compleja que requiere un tratamiento multidisciplinario precoz, específico y agresivo. A pesar de los avances médicos, ésta sigue siendo una enfermedad con una morbi-mortalidad elevada, por lo que el tratamiento antibiótico se complementa en un 40-50% de los pacientes mediante intervención quirúrgica. Por lo tanto, es necesario conocer las opciones que pueden llegar a ser utilizadas para extirpar el tejido infectado. El objetivo de este trabajo es discutir aspectos de interés en la cirugía de la endocarditis infecciosa.


Abstract: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a complex disease that requires a multidisciplinary approach and early and aggressive treatment. Despite médical and surgical advances, this disease still has high morbidity and mortality. The antibiotic treatment is complemented in 40-50% of the cases with surgical intervention. Thus, it is useful to be aware of the possibilities that might be contemplated in order to excise the infected tissues. The aim of this work is to discuss current surgical aspects of interest in the surgery IE.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Endocarditis, Bacterial/surgery , Patient Care Team , Bacterial Infections/complications , Heart Transplantation , Prosthesis-Related Infections/complications , Patient Selection , Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology
2.
Rev. Nac. (Itauguá) ; 12(1): 42-54, 20200600.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-1099776

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: la endocarditis infecciosa, es una enfermedad con una diversidad de presentación clínica, de elevada morbimortalidad, a pesar de los adelantos en el diagnóstico y en la eficacia de antibióticos. Objetivos: describir las características clínicas, bacteriológicas, demográficas y mortalidad asociada de los pacientes con endocarditis infecciosa, internados en el Hospital Nacional, Itauguá-Paraguay de 2016 a 2018. Metodología: estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transverso, de pacientes con endocarditis infecciosa, según los criterios de Duke modificados. Resultados: se incluyeron 50 pacientes; edad 43 ± 16 años, 70 % fueron varones, la procedencia (38 %) del Departamento Central, ingresaron por fiebre 42 (84 %); se encontró que 44 (88 %) de los casos sobre válvulas nativas, las más afectadas la mitral 20 (46 %) seguida de la aórtica 16 (36 %) siendo en este grupo Staphylococcus aureus (36 %) el germen prevalente, además 6 (12 %) de los casos sobre válvulas protésicas, siendo en este grupo Staphylococcus spp (46 %) el germen prevalente, se encontró que eran portadores de catéter para hemodiálisis 8 (16 %) de los pacientes, 17 (39 %) con hemocultivos negativos. Presentaron complicaciones (52 %) de estas fueron cardíacas (24 %), neurológicas (18 %), embolia pulmonar (6 %), renal (4 %) se constató desenlace fatal (44 %) de los casos, siendo las de peor pronóstico las complicaciones neurológicas. Conclusiones: la endocarditis infecciosa según los hallazgos, continúa siendo una enfermedad frecuente con complicaciones graves y de elevada mortalidad, un desafío; identificación de factores de riesgo abriendo un escenario en el que sería importante trabajar y promover las medidas de prevención, insistir en el uso de fístulas arterio venosas para hemodiálisis en pacientes ambulatorios. El germen más frecuente el Staphylococcus spp.


ABSTRACT Introduction: infective endocarditisis a disease with a diversity of clinical presentation, high morbidity and mortality, a weight of advances in diagnosis and in the efficacy of antibiotics. Objectives: to describe the clinical, bacteriological, demographic and associated mortality characteristics of patients with infective endocarditis, admitted to the Hospital Nacional, Itauguá-Paraguay from 2016 to 2018. Methodology: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study of patients with infective endocarditisis, according to modified Duke criteria Results: 50 patients were included; age 43 ± 16 years, 70 % were men, the origin (38 %) of the Departamento Central, 42 entered for fever (84 %); It was found that 44 (88 %) of the cases on native valves, the most affected were the mitral 20 (46 %) followed by the aortic 16 (36 %), with Staphylococcus aureus (36 %) being the prevalent germ in this group, in addition 6 (12 %) of the cases on prosthetic valves, being in this group Staphylococcus spp (46 %) the prevalent germ, it was found that they were catheter carriers for hemodialysis 8 (16 %) of the patients, 17 (39 %) with blood cultures negatives. They presented complications (52 %) of these were cardiac (24 %), neurological (18 %), pulmonary embolism (6 %), renal (4 %) and a fatal outcome (44 %) of the cases was found, being those with the worst prognosis neurological complications. Conclusions: infective endocarditisis, according to the findings, continues to be a frequent disease with serious complications and high deaths, a challenge; Identification of risk factors to open a scenario in which it would be important to work and promote preventive measures, insist on the use of arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis in outpatients. The most frequent germ Staphylococcus spp.

3.
Med. infant ; 26(2): 85-91, Junio 2019. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1009024

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Analizar las características demográficas, clínicas, microbiológicas, evolución y factores de riesgo de morbimortalidad asociados a la endocarditis de válvula nativa (EIN) en pacientes (p) pediátricos. Población y métodos: Se evaluaron 176 p con EIN, divididos en grupo I: <3meses (27p) y grupo II: >3meses (149p). Resultados: Grupo I: el 66% tenía corazón sano. El microorganismo más frecuente fue Staphylococcus aureus (44,4%). Afectación derecha (77,8%-p<0,0001). Evento principal: infección no controlada (INC) (52%, p=0,0009) y asociada a Candida (p<0,00001). Se indicó tratamiento quirúrgico a 10 p (37%). Mortalidad 29,6%(8p). Grupo II: el 57% presentaba cardiopatía previa. Microorganismos prevalentes: S.aureus (49,1%) y estreptococos del grupo viridans (22,5%). Hubo compromiso predominantemente izquierdo (p=0,001). Eventos: embolias sistémicas (36,2%-p=0,01), perforación valvular (51%-p=0,0005), insuficiencia cardíaca (26%-p=0,03) e INC (21,5%). La embolia sistémica se asoció a S.aureus (p=0,01). El 36,2% requirió cirugía. Mortalidad 6,7% (10p). En el análisis univariado la mortalidad se asoció a edad <3meses (p=0,0003), INC (p=0,002) y S.aureus (p=0,03). En el multivariado la mortalidad se relacionó a edad < 3meses (OR:7,50 ­IC95%:1,77­31,69) y a INC (OR:4,2-IC95%:1,16­15,29). Conclusiones: La EN se presentó en pacientes con corazón sano en el 50% de los casos. El microorganismo más frecuente fue S.aureus. En los <3 meses la infección no controlada fue la complicación más frecuente asociada a Candida, con afectación predominante de cavidades derechas. Los >3meses tuvieron mayor prevalencia de perforación valvular izquierda asociada a embolias sistémicas e insuficiencia cardíaca. El 35% de los p requirió cirugía. Los predictores de mortalidad fueron la edad <3meses y la INC.


Objectives: To analyze demographic, clinical, and microbiological, outcome, and morbidity and mortality risk factors associated with native valve endocarditis (NVE) in pediatric patients (p). Population and methods: 176 p with NVE were evaluated and divided into group I: <3 months (27p) and group II: >3 months (149p). Results: Group I: 66% had a healthy heart. The most common microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus (44.4%). Right-sided involvement (77.8%-p<0.0001). Main event: Uncontrolled infection (UCI) (52%, p-0.0009) and association with Candida (p<0.00001). Surgical treatment was indicated in 10 p (37%). Mortality was 29.6% (8p). Group II: 57% had previous heart disease. Prevalent microorganisms: S. aureus (49.1%) and viridans group streptococci ( (22.5%). Left-sided involvement predominated (p-0.001). Events: systemic embolism (36.2%-p-0.01), valve perforation (51%-p-0.0005), heart failure (26%-p-0.03), and UCI (21.5%). Systemic embolism was associated with S. aureus infection (p-0.01). 36.2% required surgery. Mortality was 6.7% (10p). In univariate analysis, mortality was associated with age <3 months (p-0.0003), UCI (p-0.002), and S. aureus infection (p-0.03). In multivariate analysis, mortality was related to age <3 months (OR:7.50 ­ 95% CI:1.77­31.69) and UCI (OR:4.2 -95% CI:1.16­15.29). Conclusions: NVE was observed in patients with a healthy heart in 50% of cases. The most common microorganism found was S. aureus. In the <3 months group, uncontrolled infection was the most common complication associated with Candida, predominantly affecting the right side. The >3 months group had a higher prevalence of left-valve perforation associated with systemic embolism and heart failure. 35% of p required surgery. Predictors of mortality were age <3 months and UC (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Viridans Streptococci/isolation & purification , Endocarditis/complications , Endocarditis/diagnosis , Endocarditis/microbiology , Endocarditis/mortality , Heart Valve Diseases/microbiology , Retrospective Studies , Cohort Studies
4.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 51(2): 136-139, jun. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013362

ABSTRACT

Los bacilos gram negativos (BGN) que no pertenecen al grupo HACEK son una causa infrecuente de endocarditis infecciosa. Los aspectos epidemiológicos, diagnósticos y pronósticos de esta entidad son poco conocidos y la experiencia aún es limitada. Nuestros objetivos fueron analizar las características clínicas y microbiológicas de las endocarditis infecciosas (EI) por BGN no HACEK diagnosticadas en un centro de alta complejidad de Argentina en el período 1998-2016 y conocer su evolución hospitalaria, a fin de compararlas con las EI debidas a otros microorganismos.


Non-HACEK Gram-negative bacilli are a rare cause of infective endocarditis. Epidemiological, diagnostic and prognostic aspects of this entity are little known, and there is limited experience. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical, microbiological and in-hospital outcomes of non-HACEK Gram negative bacilli endocarditis and to compare them with those due to other microorganisms.


Subject(s)
Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci/pathogenicity , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Clinical Evolution , Endocarditis, Bacterial/classification , Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology
5.
Rev Argent Microbiol ; 51(2): 136-139, 2019.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30143351

ABSTRACT

Non-HACEK Gram-negative bacilli are a rare cause of infective endocarditis. Epidemiological, diagnostic and prognostic aspects of this entity are little known, and there is limited experience. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical, microbiological and in-hospital outcomes of non-HACEK Gram negative bacilli endocarditis and to compare them with those due to other microorganisms.


Subject(s)
Endocarditis, Bacterial , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Argentina , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Female , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Tertiary Care Centers , Time Factors
6.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 25(2): 145-150, mar.-abr. 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-959962

ABSTRACT

Resumen La endocarditis bacteriana es una enfermedad con alta morbimortalidad, causada principalmente por cocos gram positivos, menos frecuentemente por organismos del grupo HACEK e inusualmente por otras enterobacterias. La Escherichia coli es la principal causa de bacteriemia nosocomial, pero en la literatura existen reportes de no más de 50 casos de endocarditis por este microorganismo. El tracto genitourinario es la fuente usual del compromiso infeccioso favorecido por factores de riesgo como diabetes mellitus, cardiopatía estructural, antecedente de malignidad, uso de drogas intravenosas, material protésico y edad avanzada. La E. coli en válvulas nativas presenta tropismo por válvulas del lado izquierdo. Así mismo, se han descrito presentaciones inusuales en relación con material protésico y organismos resistentes, aunque es mucho más frecuente encontrar cepas silvestres. La endocarditis por E. coli se asocia fuertemente con complicaciones locales y necesidad de manejo quirúrgico. La filogenética de las cepas de E. coli aisladas en infecciones endocárdicas y los factores de virulencia que le permiten adherirse a este tejido en presencia o no de material protésico, han sido bastante discutidas. Se expone un caso de endocarditis asociada a electrodo de marcapasos por E. coli y posteriormente se hace una revisión de la literatura disponible sobre esta enfermedad.


Abstract Bacterial endocarditis is a disease with high morbidity and mortality, and is mainly caused by gram positive cocci, less frequently due to organisms of the HACEK group (Haemophilus, Aggregatibacter, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, Kingella), and unusually by other bacteria. Escherichia coli is the principal cause of nosocomial bacteraemia, but there are no more than 50 cases reported in the literature of due to this microorganism. The genitourinary tract is the usual sources of infectious compromises favoured by risk factors such as, diabetes mellitus, structural heart disease, history of malignancy, use of intravenous drugs, prosthetic material, and advanced age. E. coli in native valves have tropism for valves of the left side. Furthermore, unusual presentations have been described as regards prosthetic material and resistant organism, although it is much more common to find wild strains. Endocarditis due to E. coli is strongly associated with local complications, and a need for surgical management. The phylogenetics of the E. coli isolated in endocardial infections, and the virulence factors that enable it to adhere to this tissue whether in the presence or not of prosthetic material, has been widely discussed. A case is presented of endocarditis associated with a pacemaker electrode due to E. coli, followed by a review of the available literature on this disease.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Endocarditis , Escherichia coli , Septal Occluder Device , Heart Valves
7.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 147(11): 475-480, 2016 Dec 02.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27692625

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Left-sided native valve infective endocarditis (LNVIE) epidemiology has been modified as a result of the increase in average age. The aim of our study is to analyze the influence of age and the presence of predisposing heart disease in the prognosis of these patients. METHODS: We analyzed a series of 257 cases of LNVIE depending on their age (greater than or equal to 70 years old), both in the overall series and in the subgroup of patients without predisposing heart disease. RESULTS: Mean age was 54.6 (18.6) years. There was an increase in the percentage of cases of older patients between 1987-2000 and 2001-2014 (9.8 vs. 34.8%, P<.001). These patients present higher prevalence of degenerative valves (50 vs. 22.8%) or not predisposing heart disease (50 vs. 39.9%), P<.001, health-care associated episodes (41.8 vs. 23.6%, P=.016), lower rate of surgery (43.7 vs. 63.8%, P=.005) and higher in-hospital mortality (39.1 vs. 20.7%, P=.003), with no differences in comorbidities. Older patients who did not have predisposing heart disease also suffered higher in-hospital mortality (47 vs. 22%, P=.01). Age greater than or equal to 70 years old is an independent predictor of mortality in patients with LNVIE (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.24-5.15, P=.011), as in those without previous heart disease (OR 3.98, 95% CI 1.49-10.62, P=.006). CONCLUSIONS: Patients of age greater than or equal to 70 years old and who suffer an LNVIE are becoming more frequent and have a worse prognosis with a lower rate of surgery and higher rates of in-hospital mortality.


Subject(s)
Endocarditis, Bacterial/epidemiology , Enterococcus/isolation & purification , Staphylococcal Infections/epidemiology , Staphylococcus epidermidis/isolation & purification , Streptococcal Infections/epidemiology , Viridans Streptococci/isolation & purification , Adult , Age Distribution , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Endocarditis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology , Female , Hospital Mortality , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Odds Ratio , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Staphylococcal Infections/diagnosis , Staphylococcal Infections/etiology , Streptococcal Infections/diagnosis , Streptococcal Infections/etiology
8.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-879722

ABSTRACT

A endocardite infecciosa é uma infecção grave potencialmente fatal, o que salienta a importância de um manejo adequado da enfermidade. Como objetivo desse artigo de revisão, está a descrição do manejo, baseado nas atuais diretrizes a respeito do assunto. O texto está focado no uso prático e consulta rápida a tais informações, de forma a auxiliar na tomada de decisões.


Infective endocarditis is a potentially fatal severe infection, which stresses the importance of proper management of the disease. The objective of this review article is the description of the management, based on the current guidelines on the subject. The text is focused on practical use and quick reference to this information in order to assist in making decisions.


Subject(s)
Endocarditis , Anti-Bacterial Agents
9.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 67(3): 279-281, 2007. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-483406

ABSTRACT

La endocarditis infecciosa por Nocardia en válvula nativa es una infección excepcional, que afecta a pacientes inmunodeprimidos. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 51 años con diagnóstico de endocarditis infecciosa por Nocardia en válvulas nativas aórtica y tricúspide, que recibió terapia antimicrobiana específica y que requirió reemplazo valvular aórtico, con buena evolución clínica en el seguimiento a 6 meses.


Nocardia endocarditis in native valve is an uncommon infection that usually arises in immunodepressed patients. We report a 51-yearold man diagnosed as having Nocardia endocarditis in aortic and tricuspid native valves, which received antimicrobial therapy and required aortic valve replacement. In 6 month follow up the patient remained asymptomatic with good clinical evolution.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Endocarditis, Bacterial/microbiology , Nocardia Infections/complications , Nocardia/isolation & purification , Tricuspid Valve/microbiology , Ampicillin/therapeutic use , Cephalothin/therapeutic use , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Gentamicins/therapeutic use , Immunocompromised Host , Nocardia Infections/drug therapy
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